Questioned Documents

Video Spectral Comparator (VSC): Principle, Parts, Uses, Advantages and Disadvantages

Tools and Instrumentation, Questioned Documents
Video Spectral Comparator (VSC) Principle, Parts, Uses, Advantages and Disadvantages

The Video Spectral Comparator (VSC) is a UV-Vis-IR imaging spectral device designed for forensic examination and authentication of questioned documents. It was developed by Foster and Freeman. A basic VSC unit consists of a high-sensitivity camera, different light sources, a software/viewing interface, and a positioning stage. The built-in multiple spectrum sources can reveal hidden characteristics …

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Electrostatic Detection Apparatus (ESDA): Working, Principle, Procedure, Advantages & Disadvantages

Tools and Instrumentation, Questioned Documents
Electrostatic Detection Apparatus (ESDA) Working, Principle, Procedure, Advantages & Disadvantages and precautions

Electrostatic Detection Apparatus (ESDA) is an electrostatic detection device (EDD) specifically made by Foster and Freeman Ltd. to reveal indented writings on a paper surface. With time, ESDA become synonymous with EEDs for detecting indented writing or marks on forensic questioned documents. Moreover, it offers a non-destructive nature of detecting indentation because it operates on …

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Forensic Analysis of Paper: An Informative Guide to Paper Forensic

Questioned Documents
Forensic Analysis of Paper

Paper analysis is an important element in determining the genuineness of forensic questioned documents. In all circumstances, confirming the authenticity of the document itself is a conclusive method of determining forgery. And here, paper forensics is quite important. So, how does forensic analysis of papers assist forensic document examiners (FDEs)? This is what this length …

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21+ Forensic Questioned Document Instruments And Tools With Uses

Questioned Documents
Forensic Questioned Document Instruments And Tools With Uses

Every forensic document laboratory and agency has a set of instruments and tools that serve as the backbone and provide trustworthy data that can easily be admissible in a court of law. The following are the tools used by Forensic Document Examiners (FDEs) to evaluate questioned documents. The majority of devices are regularly utilized in …

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Can the Age of Paper be Determined? How to Determine? 10+ Forensic Paper Dating Techniques

Questioned Documents
Can the Age of Paper be Determined paper dating techniques

You can’t tell how old a piece of paper is just by looking at it. You’ll need an expert eye. And if you ask a Forensic Document Expert (FDE), “Can you tell exactly how old the paper is?” The most reliable answer is “No one knows.” Some papers have manufactured qualities (eg: banknotes, coded watermarks) …

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Identification of Paper Additives: Fillers, Oil, Waxes, and Pigment

Questioned Documents
Forensic Identification of Paper Additives Fillers, Oil, Waxes, and Pigment

Every paper has additives. These additives are in the form of starch, protein, waxes, oils, and other fillers and pigments that can be used by the forensic document examiner to trace down specific sheets. All these fillers and additives help in shaping the desirable final paper.  And in this post, you’re going to know more …

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How to Remove Fingerprints from Paper? Is it Possible? Forensic Expert Answer

Questioned Documents, Fingerprint and Other Impressions
How to Remove Fingerprints from Paper

Removing fingerprints from paper is different from lifting them. Lifting means removing the developed part of the fingerprint but they still rest over the paper. While removing means completely obliterating or removing them from paper. In this post, I am going to state whether it is possible or not to remove finger marks that rest …

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Paper Fiber and Pulp Analysis: How They Impact Questioned Documents Examination?

Questioned Documents
Paper Fiber and Pulp Analysis How They Impact Questioned Documents Examination

Fiber and pulp analysis is not commonly used by a Forensic Document Examiner (FDE). Why? Because it is a destructive technique. For definition: Pulp fiber analysis is a destructive technique that first breaks the paper into individual fibrous and non-fibrous cellular components, and then analyzes them based on morphological characteristics, chemical staining color, and weight …

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